Integrand size = 12, antiderivative size = 101 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}-\frac {3 \sinh (c+d x)}{35 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}-\frac {2 \sinh (c+d x)}{35 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^2}-\frac {2 \sinh (c+d x)}{35 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))} \] Output:
-1/7*sinh(d*x+c)/d/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4-3/35*sinh(d*x+c)/d/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^3- 2/35*sinh(d*x+c)/d/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^2-2/35*sinh(d*x+c)/d/(1-cosh(d*x+c))
Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 51, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.50 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {(-32+29 \cosh (c+d x)-8 \cosh (2 (c+d x))+\cosh (3 (c+d x))) \sinh (c+d x)}{70 d (-1+\cosh (c+d x))^4} \] Input:
Integrate[(1 - Cosh[c + d*x])^(-4),x]
Output:
((-32 + 29*Cosh[c + d*x] - 8*Cosh[2*(c + d*x)] + Cosh[3*(c + d*x)])*Sinh[c + d*x])/(70*d*(-1 + Cosh[c + d*x])^4)
Time = 0.49 (sec) , antiderivative size = 111, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.10, number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.667, Rules used = {3042, 3129, 3042, 3129, 3042, 3129, 3042, 3127}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle \int \frac {1}{\left (1-\sin \left (i c+i d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^4}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3129 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {3}{7} \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}dx-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle -\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}+\frac {3}{7} \int \frac {1}{\left (1-\sin \left (i c+i d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^3}dx\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3129 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {3}{7} \left (\frac {2}{5} \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^2}dx-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{5 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}\right )-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle -\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}+\frac {3}{7} \left (-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{5 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}+\frac {2}{5} \int \frac {1}{\left (1-\sin \left (i c+i d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )\right )^2}dx\right )\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3129 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {3}{7} \left (\frac {2}{5} \left (\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{1-\cosh (c+d x)}dx-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{3 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^2}\right )-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{5 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}\right )-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
| \(\displaystyle -\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}+\frac {3}{7} \left (-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{5 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}+\frac {2}{5} \left (-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{3 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^2}+\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{1-\sin \left (i c+i d x+\frac {\pi }{2}\right )}dx\right )\right )\) |
| \(\Big \downarrow \) 3127 |
| \(\displaystyle \frac {3}{7} \left (\frac {2}{5} \left (-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{3 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))}-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{3 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^2}\right )-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{5 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^3}\right )-\frac {\sinh (c+d x)}{7 d (1-\cosh (c+d x))^4}\) |
Input:
Int[(1 - Cosh[c + d*x])^(-4),x]
Output:
-1/7*Sinh[c + d*x]/(d*(1 - Cosh[c + d*x])^4) + (3*(-1/5*Sinh[c + d*x]/(d*( 1 - Cosh[c + d*x])^3) + (2*(-1/3*Sinh[c + d*x]/(d*(1 - Cosh[c + d*x])^2) - Sinh[c + d*x]/(3*d*(1 - Cosh[c + d*x]))))/5))/7
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-Cos[c + d*x]/(d*(b + a*Sin[c + d*x])), x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && EqQ[a^2 - b ^2, 0]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sin[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)])^(n_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[b*Cos[c + d*x]*((a + b*Sin[c + d*x])^n/(a*d*(2*n + 1))), x] + Simp[(n + 1)/(a*(2*n + 1)) Int[(a + b*Sin[c + d*x])^(n + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && EqQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && LtQ[n, -1] && IntegerQ[2*n]
Time = 0.42 (sec) , antiderivative size = 48, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.48
| method | result | size |
| risch | \(-\frac {4 \left (35 \,{\mathrm e}^{3 d x +3 c}-21 \,{\mathrm e}^{2 d x +2 c}+7 \,{\mathrm e}^{d x +c}-1\right )}{35 d \left ({\mathrm e}^{d x +c}-1\right )^{7}}\) | \(48\) |
| parallelrisch | \(-\frac {\left (\coth \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{6}-\frac {21 \coth \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{4}}{5}+7 \coth \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{2}-7\right ) \coth \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}{56 d}\) | \(54\) |
| derivativedivides | \(\frac {-\frac {1}{8 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}+\frac {3}{40 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{5}}-\frac {1}{56 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{7}}+\frac {1}{8 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}}{d}\) | \(58\) |
| default | \(\frac {-\frac {1}{8 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{3}}+\frac {3}{40 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{5}}-\frac {1}{56 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )^{7}}+\frac {1}{8 \tanh \left (\frac {d x}{2}+\frac {c}{2}\right )}}{d}\) | \(58\) |
Input:
int(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
Output:
-4/35*(35*exp(3*d*x+3*c)-21*exp(2*d*x+2*c)+7*exp(d*x+c)-1)/d/(exp(d*x+c)-1 )^7
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 347 vs. \(2 (85) = 170\).
Time = 0.07 (sec) , antiderivative size = 347, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.44 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {4 \, {\left (35 \, \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 10 \, {\left (7 \, \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) - 2\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right ) + 35 \, \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 22 \, \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) + 7\right )}}{35 \, {\left (d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{6} + d \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{6} - 7 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + {\left (6 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) - 7 \, d\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{5} + 21 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + {\left (15 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 35 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) + 21 \, d\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{4} - 35 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + {\left (20 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 70 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 84 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) - 35 \, d\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 35 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + {\left (15 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{4} - 70 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{3} + 126 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 105 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) + 35 \, d\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} - 22 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) + {\left (6 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{5} - 35 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{4} + 84 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{3} - 105 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + 70 \, d \cosh \left (d x + c\right ) - 20 \, d\right )} \sinh \left (d x + c\right ) + 7 \, d\right )}} \] Input:
integrate(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4,x, algorithm="fricas")
Output:
-4/35*(35*cosh(d*x + c)^2 + 10*(7*cosh(d*x + c) - 2)*sinh(d*x + c) + 35*si nh(d*x + c)^2 - 22*cosh(d*x + c) + 7)/(d*cosh(d*x + c)^6 + d*sinh(d*x + c) ^6 - 7*d*cosh(d*x + c)^5 + (6*d*cosh(d*x + c) - 7*d)*sinh(d*x + c)^5 + 21* d*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + (15*d*cosh(d*x + c)^2 - 35*d*cosh(d*x + c) + 21*d)*sin h(d*x + c)^4 - 35*d*cosh(d*x + c)^3 + (20*d*cosh(d*x + c)^3 - 70*d*cosh(d* x + c)^2 + 84*d*cosh(d*x + c) - 35*d)*sinh(d*x + c)^3 + 35*d*cosh(d*x + c) ^2 + (15*d*cosh(d*x + c)^4 - 70*d*cosh(d*x + c)^3 + 126*d*cosh(d*x + c)^2 - 105*d*cosh(d*x + c) + 35*d)*sinh(d*x + c)^2 - 22*d*cosh(d*x + c) + (6*d* cosh(d*x + c)^5 - 35*d*cosh(d*x + c)^4 + 84*d*cosh(d*x + c)^3 - 105*d*cosh (d*x + c)^2 + 70*d*cosh(d*x + c) - 20*d)*sinh(d*x + c) + 7*d)
Time = 2.40 (sec) , antiderivative size = 73, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.72 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\begin {cases} \frac {1}{8 d \tanh {\left (\frac {c}{2} + \frac {d x}{2} \right )}} - \frac {1}{8 d \tanh ^{3}{\left (\frac {c}{2} + \frac {d x}{2} \right )}} + \frac {3}{40 d \tanh ^{5}{\left (\frac {c}{2} + \frac {d x}{2} \right )}} - \frac {1}{56 d \tanh ^{7}{\left (\frac {c}{2} + \frac {d x}{2} \right )}} & \text {for}\: d \neq 0 \\\frac {x}{\left (1 - \cosh {\left (c \right )}\right )^{4}} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases} \] Input:
integrate(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))**4,x)
Output:
Piecewise((1/(8*d*tanh(c/2 + d*x/2)) - 1/(8*d*tanh(c/2 + d*x/2)**3) + 3/(4 0*d*tanh(c/2 + d*x/2)**5) - 1/(56*d*tanh(c/2 + d*x/2)**7), Ne(d, 0)), (x/( 1 - cosh(c))**4, True))
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 364 vs. \(2 (85) = 170\).
Time = 0.04 (sec) , antiderivative size = 364, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.60 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {4 \, e^{\left (-d x - c\right )}}{5 \, d {\left (7 \, e^{\left (-d x - c\right )} - 21 \, e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + 35 \, e^{\left (-3 \, d x - 3 \, c\right )} - 35 \, e^{\left (-4 \, d x - 4 \, c\right )} + 21 \, e^{\left (-5 \, d x - 5 \, c\right )} - 7 \, e^{\left (-6 \, d x - 6 \, c\right )} + e^{\left (-7 \, d x - 7 \, c\right )} - 1\right )}} - \frac {12 \, e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )}}{5 \, d {\left (7 \, e^{\left (-d x - c\right )} - 21 \, e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + 35 \, e^{\left (-3 \, d x - 3 \, c\right )} - 35 \, e^{\left (-4 \, d x - 4 \, c\right )} + 21 \, e^{\left (-5 \, d x - 5 \, c\right )} - 7 \, e^{\left (-6 \, d x - 6 \, c\right )} + e^{\left (-7 \, d x - 7 \, c\right )} - 1\right )}} + \frac {4 \, e^{\left (-3 \, d x - 3 \, c\right )}}{d {\left (7 \, e^{\left (-d x - c\right )} - 21 \, e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + 35 \, e^{\left (-3 \, d x - 3 \, c\right )} - 35 \, e^{\left (-4 \, d x - 4 \, c\right )} + 21 \, e^{\left (-5 \, d x - 5 \, c\right )} - 7 \, e^{\left (-6 \, d x - 6 \, c\right )} + e^{\left (-7 \, d x - 7 \, c\right )} - 1\right )}} - \frac {4}{35 \, d {\left (7 \, e^{\left (-d x - c\right )} - 21 \, e^{\left (-2 \, d x - 2 \, c\right )} + 35 \, e^{\left (-3 \, d x - 3 \, c\right )} - 35 \, e^{\left (-4 \, d x - 4 \, c\right )} + 21 \, e^{\left (-5 \, d x - 5 \, c\right )} - 7 \, e^{\left (-6 \, d x - 6 \, c\right )} + e^{\left (-7 \, d x - 7 \, c\right )} - 1\right )}} \] Input:
integrate(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4,x, algorithm="maxima")
Output:
4/5*e^(-d*x - c)/(d*(7*e^(-d*x - c) - 21*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + 35*e^(-3*d*x - 3*c) - 35*e^(-4*d*x - 4*c) + 21*e^(-5*d*x - 5*c) - 7*e^(-6*d*x - 6*c) + e ^(-7*d*x - 7*c) - 1)) - 12/5*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c)/(d*(7*e^(-d*x - c) - 21*e^(- 2*d*x - 2*c) + 35*e^(-3*d*x - 3*c) - 35*e^(-4*d*x - 4*c) + 21*e^(-5*d*x - 5*c) - 7*e^(-6*d*x - 6*c) + e^(-7*d*x - 7*c) - 1)) + 4*e^(-3*d*x - 3*c)/(d *(7*e^(-d*x - c) - 21*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + 35*e^(-3*d*x - 3*c) - 35*e^(-4*d* x - 4*c) + 21*e^(-5*d*x - 5*c) - 7*e^(-6*d*x - 6*c) + e^(-7*d*x - 7*c) - 1 )) - 4/35/(d*(7*e^(-d*x - c) - 21*e^(-2*d*x - 2*c) + 35*e^(-3*d*x - 3*c) - 35*e^(-4*d*x - 4*c) + 21*e^(-5*d*x - 5*c) - 7*e^(-6*d*x - 6*c) + e^(-7*d* x - 7*c) - 1))
Time = 0.11 (sec) , antiderivative size = 47, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.47 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {4 \, {\left (35 \, e^{\left (3 \, d x + 3 \, c\right )} - 21 \, e^{\left (2 \, d x + 2 \, c\right )} + 7 \, e^{\left (d x + c\right )} - 1\right )}}{35 \, d {\left (e^{\left (d x + c\right )} - 1\right )}^{7}} \] Input:
integrate(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4,x, algorithm="giac")
Output:
-4/35*(35*e^(3*d*x + 3*c) - 21*e^(2*d*x + 2*c) + 7*e^(d*x + c) - 1)/(d*(e^ (d*x + c) - 1)^7)
Time = 0.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 283, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.80 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=-\frac {4}{35\,d\,\left (6\,{\mathrm {e}}^{2\,c+2\,d\,x}-4\,{\mathrm {e}}^{c+d\,x}-4\,{\mathrm {e}}^{3\,c+3\,d\,x}+{\mathrm {e}}^{4\,c+4\,d\,x}+1\right )}-\frac {16\,{\mathrm {e}}^{c+d\,x}}{35\,d\,\left (5\,{\mathrm {e}}^{c+d\,x}-10\,{\mathrm {e}}^{2\,c+2\,d\,x}+10\,{\mathrm {e}}^{3\,c+3\,d\,x}-5\,{\mathrm {e}}^{4\,c+4\,d\,x}+{\mathrm {e}}^{5\,c+5\,d\,x}-1\right )}-\frac {8\,{\mathrm {e}}^{2\,c+2\,d\,x}}{7\,d\,\left (15\,{\mathrm {e}}^{2\,c+2\,d\,x}-6\,{\mathrm {e}}^{c+d\,x}-20\,{\mathrm {e}}^{3\,c+3\,d\,x}+15\,{\mathrm {e}}^{4\,c+4\,d\,x}-6\,{\mathrm {e}}^{5\,c+5\,d\,x}+{\mathrm {e}}^{6\,c+6\,d\,x}+1\right )}-\frac {16\,{\mathrm {e}}^{3\,c+3\,d\,x}}{7\,d\,\left (7\,{\mathrm {e}}^{c+d\,x}-21\,{\mathrm {e}}^{2\,c+2\,d\,x}+35\,{\mathrm {e}}^{3\,c+3\,d\,x}-35\,{\mathrm {e}}^{4\,c+4\,d\,x}+21\,{\mathrm {e}}^{5\,c+5\,d\,x}-7\,{\mathrm {e}}^{6\,c+6\,d\,x}+{\mathrm {e}}^{7\,c+7\,d\,x}-1\right )} \] Input:
int(1/(cosh(c + d*x) - 1)^4,x)
Output:
- 4/(35*d*(6*exp(2*c + 2*d*x) - 4*exp(c + d*x) - 4*exp(3*c + 3*d*x) + exp( 4*c + 4*d*x) + 1)) - (16*exp(c + d*x))/(35*d*(5*exp(c + d*x) - 10*exp(2*c + 2*d*x) + 10*exp(3*c + 3*d*x) - 5*exp(4*c + 4*d*x) + exp(5*c + 5*d*x) - 1 )) - (8*exp(2*c + 2*d*x))/(7*d*(15*exp(2*c + 2*d*x) - 6*exp(c + d*x) - 20* exp(3*c + 3*d*x) + 15*exp(4*c + 4*d*x) - 6*exp(5*c + 5*d*x) + exp(6*c + 6* d*x) + 1)) - (16*exp(3*c + 3*d*x))/(7*d*(7*exp(c + d*x) - 21*exp(2*c + 2*d *x) + 35*exp(3*c + 3*d*x) - 35*exp(4*c + 4*d*x) + 21*exp(5*c + 5*d*x) - 7* exp(6*c + 6*d*x) + exp(7*c + 7*d*x) - 1))
Time = 0.21 (sec) , antiderivative size = 123, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.22 \[ \int \frac {1}{(1-\cosh (c+d x))^4} \, dx=\frac {-4 e^{3 d x +3 c}+\frac {12 e^{2 d x +2 c}}{5}-\frac {4 e^{d x +c}}{5}+\frac {4}{35}}{d \left (e^{7 d x +7 c}-7 e^{6 d x +6 c}+21 e^{5 d x +5 c}-35 e^{4 d x +4 c}+35 e^{3 d x +3 c}-21 e^{2 d x +2 c}+7 e^{d x +c}-1\right )} \] Input:
int(1/(1-cosh(d*x+c))^4,x)
Output:
(4*( - 35*e**(3*c + 3*d*x) + 21*e**(2*c + 2*d*x) - 7*e**(c + d*x) + 1))/(3 5*d*(e**(7*c + 7*d*x) - 7*e**(6*c + 6*d*x) + 21*e**(5*c + 5*d*x) - 35*e**( 4*c + 4*d*x) + 35*e**(3*c + 3*d*x) - 21*e**(2*c + 2*d*x) + 7*e**(c + d*x) - 1))