1.273 problem 274

Internal problem ID [7854]

Book: Differential Gleichungen, E. Kamke, 3rd ed. Chelsea Pub. NY, 1948
Section: Chapter 1, linear first order
Problem number: 274.
ODE order: 1.
ODE degree: 1.

CAS Maple gives this as type [_exact, _rational]

Solve \begin {gather*} \boxed {\left (y^{2}+x^{2}+a \right ) y^{\prime }+2 y x +x^{2}+b=0} \end {gather*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.016 (sec). Leaf size: 810

dsolve((y(x)^2+x^2+a)*diff(y(x),x)+2*x*y(x)+x^2+b=0,y(x), singsol=all)
 

\begin{align*} y \relax (x ) = \frac {\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}-\frac {2 \left (x^{2}+a \right )}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} \\ y \relax (x ) = -\frac {\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{4}+\frac {x^{2}+a}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}+\frac {2 x^{2}+2 a}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{2} \\ y \relax (x ) = -\frac {\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{4}+\frac {x^{2}+a}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}+\frac {2 x^{2}+2 a}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+6 b \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+9 b^{2} x^{2}+6 x^{3} c_{1}+4 a^{3}+18 b x c_{1}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{2} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 8.668 (sec). Leaf size: 396

DSolve[(y[x]^2+x^2+a)*y'[x]+2*x*y[x]+x^2+b==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 

\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} \left (\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1\right ){}^{2/3}-2 a-2 x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}-\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}-i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ \end{align*}