21.28 problem 604

Internal problem ID [3346]

Book: Ordinary differential equations and their solutions. By George Moseley Murphy. 1960
Section: Various 21
Problem number: 604.
ODE order: 1.
ODE degree: 1.

CAS Maple gives this as type [_exact, _rational, [_1st_order, _with_symmetry_[F(x)*G(y),0]]]

Solve \begin {gather*} \boxed {\left (a^{2}+x^{2}+y^{2}\right ) y^{\prime }+2 y x=0} \end {gather*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.0 (sec). Leaf size: 500

dsolve((a^2+x^2+y(x)^2)*diff(y(x),x)+2*x*y(x) = 0,y(x), singsol=all)
 

\begin{align*} y \relax (x ) = \frac {\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}-\frac {2 \left (a^{2}+x^{2}\right )}{\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} \\ y \relax (x ) = -\frac {\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{4}+\frac {a^{2}+x^{2}}{\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}-\frac {i \sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}+\frac {2 a^{2}+2 x^{2}}{\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{2} \\ y \relax (x ) = -\frac {\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{4}+\frac {a^{2}+x^{2}}{\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}+\frac {i \sqrt {3}\, \left (\frac {\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}{2}+\frac {2 a^{2}+2 x^{2}}{\left (-12 c_{1}+4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}}\right )}{2} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 4.478 (sec). Leaf size: 317

DSolve[(a^2+x^2+y[x]^2)y'[x]+2 x y[x]==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 

\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} \left (\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1\right ){}^{2/3}-2 a^2-2 x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a^2+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a^2+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}-\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}-i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to 0 \\ \end{align*}