1.8 problem Ex. 8(i), page 258

Internal problem ID [4725]

Book: A treatise on Differential Equations by A. R. Forsyth. 6th edition. 1929. Macmillan Co. ltd. New York, reprinted 1956
Section: Chapter VI. Note I. Integration of linear equations in series by the method of Frobenius. page 243
Problem number: Ex. 8(i), page 258.
ODE order: 2.
ODE degree: 1.

CAS Maple gives this as type [[_2nd_order, _with_linear_symmetries]]

Solve \begin {gather*} \boxed {x^{2} y^{\prime \prime }+4 \left (x +a \right ) y=0} \end {gather*} With the expansion point for the power series method at \(x = 0\).

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.018 (sec). Leaf size: 947

Order:=6; 
dsolve(x^2*diff(y(x),x$2)+4*(x+a)*y(x)=0,y(x),type='series',x=0);
 

\[ y \relax (x ) = c_{1} x^{\frac {1}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {1-16 a}}{2}} \left (1+4 \frac {1}{-1+\sqrt {1-16 a}} x +8 \frac {1}{\left (-1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{2}+\frac {32}{3} \frac {1}{\left (-1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{3}+\frac {32}{3} \frac {1}{\left (-1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-4+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{4}+\frac {128}{15} \frac {1}{\left (-1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-4+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (-5+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{5}+\mathrm {O}\left (x^{6}\right )\right )+c_{2} x^{\frac {1}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {1-16 a}}{2}} \left (1-4 \frac {1}{1+\sqrt {1-16 a}} x +8 \frac {1}{\left (1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{2}-\frac {32}{3} \frac {1}{\left (1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{3}+\frac {32}{3} \frac {1}{\left (1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (4+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{4}-\frac {128}{15} \frac {1}{\left (1+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (2+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (3+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (4+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right ) \left (5+\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )} x^{5}+\mathrm {O}\left (x^{6}\right )\right ) \]

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 0.005 (sec). Leaf size: 1356

AsymptoticDSolveValue[x^2*y''[x]+4*(x+a)*y[x]==0,y[x],{x,0,5}]
 

\[ y(x)\to \left (-\frac {1024 x^5}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+3\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+5\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4 a\right )}+\frac {256 x^4}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+3\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4 a\right )}-\frac {64 x^3}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4 a\right )}+\frac {16 x^2}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4 a\right )}-\frac {4 x}{\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+1\right ) \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )+4 a}+1\right ) c_2 x^{\frac {1}{2} \left (1-\sqrt {1-16 a}\right )}+\left (-\frac {1024 x^5}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+3\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+5\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4 a\right )}+\frac {256 x^4}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+3\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4 a\right )}-\frac {64 x^3}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+3\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4 a\right )}+\frac {16 x^2}{\left (\left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+2\right )+4 a\right ) \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4 a\right )}-\frac {4 x}{\frac {1}{2} \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+1\right ) \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )+4 a}+1\right ) c_1 x^{\frac {1}{2} \left (\sqrt {1-16 a}+1\right )} \]