4.5 problem 3

Internal problem ID [1858]

Book: Differential equations and their applications, 4th ed., M. Braun
Section: Section 3.12, Systems of differential equations. The nonhomogeneous equation. variation of parameters. Page 366
Problem number: 3.
ODE order: 1.
ODE degree: 1.

Solve \begin {align*} x_{1}^{\prime }\left (t \right )&=2 x_{1} \left (t \right )-5 x_{2} \left (t \right )+\sin \left (t \right )\\ x_{2}^{\prime }\left (t \right )&=x_{1} \left (t \right )-2 x_{2} \left (t \right )+\tan \left (t \right ) \end {align*}

With initial conditions \[ [x_{1} \left (0\right ) = 0, x_{2} \left (0\right ) = 0] \]

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.469 (sec). Leaf size: 172

dsolve([diff(x__1(t),t) = 2*x__1(t)-5*x__2(t)+sin(t), diff(x__2(t),t) = x__1(t)-2*x__2(t)+tan(t), x__1(0) = 0, x__2(0) = 0],[x__1(t), x__2(t)], singsol=all)
 

\[ x_{1} \left (t \right ) = \frac {-2 \sec \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )+2 \sin \left (t \right )+4 \cos \left (t \right )-4 \sec \left (t \right )-4 \tan \left (t \right )-2 \tan \left (t \right )^{2}-8 \sin \left (t \right ) \sec \left (t \right )+10 \ln \left (\sec \left (t \right )+\tan \left (t \right )\right ) \sec \left (t \right ) \cos \left (t \right )+10 \ln \left (\sec \left (t \right )+\tan \left (t \right )\right ) \cos \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )+2 \sec \left (t \right ) \sin \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )+\sin \left (t \right ) t \sec \left (t \right )+4 \sec \left (t \right ) \cos \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )-2 \cos \left (t \right ) t \sec \left (t \right )+\sin \left (t \right ) t \tan \left (t \right )-2 \cos \left (t \right ) t \tan \left (t \right )+2 \sin \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )^{2}+4 \cos \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )^{2}-8 \sin \left (t \right ) \tan \left (t \right )}{2 \sec \left (t \right )+2 \tan \left (t \right )} \] \[ x_{2} \left (t \right ) = -\frac {3 \sin \left (t \right )}{2}+\cos \left (t \right )-1+\ln \left (\sec \left (t \right )+\tan \left (t \right )\right ) \sin \left (t \right )+2 \ln \left (\sec \left (t \right )+\tan \left (t \right )\right ) \cos \left (t \right )-\frac {\cos \left (t \right ) t}{2} \]

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 0.065 (sec). Leaf size: 58

DSolve[{x1'[t]==2*x1[t]-5*x2[t]+Sin[t],x2'[t]==1*x1[t]-2*x2[t]+Tan[t]},{x1[0]==0,x2[0]==0},{x1[t],x2[t]},t,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 

\begin{align*} \text {x1}(t)\to 5 \cos (t) \text {arctanh}(\sin (t))+\frac {1}{2} (t-8) \sin (t)-t \cos (t) \\ \text {x2}(t)\to \text {arctanh}(\sin (t)) (\sin (t)+2 \cos (t))-\frac {3 \sin (t)}{2}-\frac {1}{2} t \cos (t)+\cos (t)-1 \\ \end{align*}