9.6.34 problem problem 34

Internal problem ID [1041]
Book : Differential equations and linear algebra, 4th ed., Edwards and Penney
Section : Section 7.6, Multiple Eigenvalue Solutions. Page 451
Problem number : problem 34
Date solved : Wednesday, February 05, 2025 at 02:33:16 AM
CAS classification : system_of_ODEs

\begin{align*} \frac {d}{d t}x_{1} \left (t \right )&=2 x_{1} \left (t \right )-8 x_{3} \left (t \right )-3 x_{4} \left (t \right )\\ \frac {d}{d t}x_{2} \left (t \right )&=-18 x_{1} \left (t \right )-x_{2} \left (t \right )\\ \frac {d}{d t}x_{3} \left (t \right )&=-9 x_{1} \left (t \right )-3 x_{2} \left (t \right )-25 x_{3} \left (t \right )-9 x_{4} \left (t \right )\\ \frac {d}{d t}x_{4} \left (t \right )&=33 x_{1} \left (t \right )+10 x_{2} \left (t \right )+90 x_{3} \left (t \right )+32 x_{4} \left (t \right ) \end{align*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.058 (sec). Leaf size: 251

dsolve([diff(x__1(t),t)=2*x__1(t)+0*x__2(t)-8*x__3(t)-3*x__4(t),diff(x__2(t),t)=-18*x__1(t)-1*x__2(t)+0*x__3(t)+0*x__4(t),diff(x__3(t),t)=-9*x__1(t)-3*x__2(t)-25*x__3(t)-9*x__4(t),diff(x__4(t),t)=33*x__1(t)+10*x__2(t)+90*x__3(t)+32*x__4(t)],singsol=all)
 
\begin{align*} x_{1} \left (t \right ) &= -\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 t} \left (3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 t -3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_4 t +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_3 t +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 t +3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_1 -3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_2 +\sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_1 +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_2 +\cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 \right )}{18} \\ x_{2} \left (t \right ) &= {\mathrm e}^{2 t} \left (\sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 t +\cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 t +\sin \left (3 t \right ) c_1 +\cos \left (3 t \right ) c_2 \right ) \\ x_{3} \left (t \right ) &= -\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 t} \left (\sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 -\sin \left (3 t \right ) c_4 +\cos \left (3 t \right ) c_3 +\cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 \right )}{6} \\ x_{4} \left (t \right ) &= -\frac {{\mathrm e}^{2 t} \left (3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 t +3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_4 t -3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_3 t +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 t +3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_1 +3 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_2 -9 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_3 +10 \sin \left (3 t \right ) c_4 -3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_1 +3 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_2 -10 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_3 -9 \cos \left (3 t \right ) c_4 \right )}{18} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 0.025 (sec). Leaf size: 482

DSolve[{D[ x1[t],t]==2*x1[t]+0*x2[t]-8*x3[t]-3*x4[t],D[ x2[t],t]==-18*x1[t]-1*x2[t]+0*x3[t]+0*x4[t],D[ x3[t],t]==-9*x1[t]-3*x2[t]-25*x3[t]-9*x4[t],D[ x4[t],t]==33*x1[t]+10*x2[t]+90*x3[t]+32*x4[t]},{x1[t],x2[t],x3[t],x4[t]},t,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 
\begin{align*} \text {x1}(t)\to \frac {1}{2} e^{(2-3 i) t} \left (c_1 \left (e^{6 i t} (1+3 i t)-3 i t+1\right )+i (3 c_3+c_4) \left (-1+e^{6 i t}\right )+t \left (i c_2 \left (-1+e^{6 i t}\right )+c_3 \left ((1+9 i) e^{6 i t}+(1-9 i)\right )+3 i c_4 \left (-1+e^{6 i t}\right )\right )\right ) \\ \text {x2}(t)\to -\frac {1}{2} e^{(2-3 i) t} \left (c_1 \left ((9-9 i) t+e^{6 i t} ((9+9 i) t-3 i)+3 i\right )+c_2 \left ((3-3 i) t+e^{6 i t} (-1+(3+3 i) t)-1\right )+10 i c_3 e^{6 i t}+(30+24 i) c_3 e^{6 i t} t+(30-24 i) c_3 t+3 i c_4 e^{6 i t}+(9+9 i) c_4 e^{6 i t} t+(9-9 i) c_4 t-10 i c_3-3 i c_4\right ) \\ \text {x3}(t)\to \frac {1}{2} e^{(2-3 i) t} \left (3 i c_1 \left (-1+e^{6 i t}\right )+i c_2 \left (-1+e^{6 i t}\right )+(1+9 i) c_3 e^{6 i t}+3 i c_4 e^{6 i t}+(1-9 i) c_3-3 i c_4\right ) \\ \text {x4}(t)\to \frac {1}{2} e^{(2-3 i) t} \left (c_1 \left (3 t+e^{6 i t} (3 t-10 i)+10 i\right )+c_2 \left (t+e^{6 i t} (t-3 i)+3 i\right )-27 i c_3 e^{6 i t}+(9-i) c_3 e^{6 i t} t+(9+i) c_3 t+(1-9 i) c_4 e^{6 i t}+3 c_4 e^{6 i t} t+3 c_4 t+27 i c_3+(1+9 i) c_4\right ) \\ \end{align*}