1.273 problem 274

Internal problem ID [8610]

Book: Differential Gleichungen, E. Kamke, 3rd ed. Chelsea Pub. NY, 1948
Section: Chapter 1, linear first order
Problem number: 274.
ODE order: 1.
ODE degree: 1.

CAS Maple gives this as type [_exact, _rational]

\[ \boxed {\left (y^{2}+x^{2}+a \right ) y^{\prime }+2 y x=-x^{2}-b} \]

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.0 (sec). Leaf size: 505

dsolve((y(x)^2+x^2+a)*diff(y(x),x)+2*x*y(x)+x^2+b=0,y(x), singsol=all)
 

\begin{align*} y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {-4 x^{2}-4 a +\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{2 \left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} \\ y \left (x \right ) &= -\frac {\left (\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{4}+\frac {1}{4}\right ) \left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}+\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \left (x^{2}+a \right )}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} \\ y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {\frac {\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {2}{3}}}{4}+\left (x^{2}+a \right ) \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )}{\left (-4 x^{3}-12 b x -12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {5 x^{6}+6 \left (2 a +b \right ) x^{4}+6 c_{1} x^{3}+3 \left (4 a^{2}+3 b^{2}\right ) x^{2}+18 c_{1} b x +4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{\frac {1}{3}}} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 6.695 (sec). Leaf size: 396

DSolve[(y[x]^2+x^2+a)*y'[x]+2*x*y[x]+x^2+b==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
                                                                                    
                                                                                    
 

\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} \left (\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1\right ){}^{2/3}-2 a-2 x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}-\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}-i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+\left (3 b x+x^3-3 c_1\right ){}^2}-3 b x-x^3+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ \end{align*}