\[ f\left (x y'(x)^2\right )+2 x y'(x)-y(x)=0 \] ✓ Mathematica : cpu = 0.0254396 (sec), leaf count = 42
DSolve[f[x*Derivative[1][y][x]^2] - y[x] + 2*x*Derivative[1][y][x] == 0,y[x],x]
\[\left \{\left \{y(x)\to f(c_1)-2 \sqrt {c_1} \sqrt {x},y(x)\to f(c_1)+2 \sqrt {c_1} \sqrt {x}\right \}\right \}\] ✓ Maple : cpu = 0.141 (sec), leaf count = 24
dsolve(f(x*diff(y(x),x)^2)+2*x*diff(y(x),x)-y(x)=0,y(x))
\[y \left (x \right ) = c_{1}+2 \RootOf \left (-f \left (\textit {\_Z}^{2}\right )-2 \textit {\_Z} +c_{1}+c_{2}\right ) \sqrt {x}\]