2.60   ODE No. 60

  1. Problem in Latex
  2. Mathematica input
  3. Maple input

\[ y'(x)-\frac {\sqrt {y(x)^2-1}}{\sqrt {x^2-1}}=0 \] Mathematica : cpu = 0.177511 (sec), leaf count = 173

\[\left \{\left \{y(x)\to -\frac {1}{2} e^{-c_1} \sqrt {2 x^2+2 e^{4 c_1} x^2-2 \sqrt {(x-1) (x+1)} x+2 e^{4 c_1} \sqrt {(x-1) (x+1)} x-1+2 e^{2 c_1}-e^{4 c_1}}\right \},\left \{y(x)\to \frac {1}{2} e^{-c_1} \sqrt {2 x^2+2 e^{4 c_1} x^2-2 \sqrt {(x-1) (x+1)} x+2 e^{4 c_1} \sqrt {(x-1) (x+1)} x-1+2 e^{2 c_1}-e^{4 c_1}}\right \}\right \}\] Maple : cpu = 0.019 (sec), leaf count = 29

\[\left \{c_{1}+\ln \left (x +\sqrt {x^{2}-1}\right )-\ln \left (y \left (x \right )+\sqrt {y \left (x \right )^{2}-1}\right ) = 0\right \}\]

Hand solution

\begin {equation} y^{\prime }=\pm \frac {\sqrt {y^{2}-1}}{\sqrt {x^{2}-1}}\tag {1} \end {equation}

Separable. For the positive case

\begin {align*} \frac {dy}{dx}\frac {1}{\sqrt {y^{2}-1}} & =\frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{2}-1}}\\ \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}} & =\frac {dx}{\left ( x^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}} \end {align*}

Integrating

\[ \int \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=\int \frac {dx}{\left ( x^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}+C \]

But \(\int \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=\tanh ^{-1}\frac {y}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=\ln \left ( y+\sqrt {y^{2}-1}\right ) \), hence

\[ \ln \left ( y+\sqrt {y^{2}-1}\right ) =\ln \left ( x+\sqrt {x^{2}-1}\right ) +C \]

For the negative case

\begin {align*} \frac {dy}{dx}\frac {1}{\sqrt {y^{2}-1}} & =-\frac {1}{\sqrt {x^{2}-1}}\\ \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}} & =-\frac {dx}{\left ( x^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}} \end {align*}

Integrating

\[ \int \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=-\int \frac {dx}{\left ( x^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}+C \]

But \(\int \frac {dy}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=\tanh ^{-1}\frac {y}{\left ( y^{2}-1\right ) ^{\frac {1}{2}}}=\ln \left ( y+\sqrt {y^{2}-1}\right ) \), hence

\[ \ln \left ( y+\sqrt {y^{2}-1}\right ) =-\ln \left ( x+\sqrt {x^{2}-1}\right ) +C \]

Therefore

\[ \ln \left ( y+\sqrt {y^{2}-1}\right ) =\pm \ln \left ( x+\sqrt {x^{2}-1}\right ) +C \]