Optimal. Leaf size=16 \[ \frac {2 \left (x^3+x\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^3} \]
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Rubi [C] time = 0.09, antiderivative size = 78, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.88, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 18, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.278, Rules used = {2048, 2025, 2011, 329, 220} \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \sqrt {x^3+x}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x^3+x}}{3 x^2}+\frac {\sqrt {x} (x+1) \sqrt {\frac {x^2+1}{(x+1)^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{3 \sqrt {x^3+x}} \end {gather*}
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
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Rule 220
Rule 329
Rule 2011
Rule 2025
Rule 2048
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {-1+x^4}{x^2 \sqrt {x+x^3}} \, dx &=\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3}-\int \frac {1}{x^2 \sqrt {x+x^3}} \, dx\\ &=\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3 x^2}+\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x+x^3}} \, dx\\ &=\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3 x^2}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {x} \sqrt {1+x^2}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {x} \sqrt {1+x^2}} \, dx}{3 \sqrt {x+x^3}}\\ &=\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3 x^2}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {x} \sqrt {1+x^2}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx,x,\sqrt {x}\right )}{3 \sqrt {x+x^3}}\\ &=\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x+x^3}}{3 x^2}+\frac {\sqrt {x} (1+x) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^2}{(1+x)^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {x}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{3 \sqrt {x+x^3}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] time = 0.06, size = 77, normalized size = 4.81 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \left (x^2 \left (-\sqrt {x^2+1} \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2};\frac {5}{4};-x^2\right )+x^2+1\right )+\sqrt {x^2+1} \, _2F_1\left (-\frac {3}{4},\frac {1}{2};\frac {1}{4};-x^2\right )\right )}{3 x \sqrt {x^3+x}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 0.16, size = 16, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \left (x+x^3\right )^{3/2}}{3 x^3} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [A] time = 0.45, size = 17, normalized size = 1.06 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 \, \sqrt {x^{3} + x} {\left (x^{2} + 1\right )}}{3 \, x^{2}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [A] time = 0.41, size = 21, normalized size = 1.31 \begin {gather*} \frac {2}{3} \, \sqrt {x^{3} + x} + \frac {2}{3} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{x} + \frac {1}{x^{3}}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [A] time = 0.09, size = 18, normalized size = 1.12
method | result | size |
trager | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{2}+1\right ) \sqrt {x^{3}+x}}{3 x^{2}}\) | \(18\) |
gosper | \(\frac {2 \left (x^{2}+1\right )^{2}}{3 \sqrt {x^{3}+x}\, x}\) | \(20\) |
default | \(\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{3}+x}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{3}+x}}{3 x^{2}}\) | \(23\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{3}+x}}{3}+\frac {2 \sqrt {x^{3}+x}}{3 x^{2}}\) | \(23\) |
risch | \(\frac {\frac {2}{3} x^{4}+\frac {4}{3} x^{2}+\frac {2}{3}}{x \sqrt {\left (x^{2}+1\right ) x}}\) | \(25\) |
meijerg | \(\frac {2 \hypergeom \left (\left [\frac {1}{2}, \frac {5}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {9}{4}\right ], -x^{2}\right ) x^{\frac {5}{2}}}{5}+\frac {2 \hypergeom \left (\left [-\frac {3}{4}, \frac {1}{2}\right ], \left [\frac {1}{4}\right ], -x^{2}\right )}{3 x^{\frac {3}{2}}}\) | \(34\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^{4} - 1}{\sqrt {x^{3} + x} x^{2}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [B] time = 0.03, size = 9, normalized size = 0.56 \begin {gather*} \frac {4\,\sqrt {x^3+x}}{3} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (x - 1\right ) \left (x + 1\right ) \left (x^{2} + 1\right )}{x^{2} \sqrt {x \left (x^{2} + 1\right )}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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