66.1.40 problem Problem 54

Internal problem ID [13887]
Book : Differential equations and the calculus of variations by L. ElSGOLTS. MIR PUBLISHERS, MOSCOW, Third printing 1977.
Section : Chapter 1, First-Order Differential Equations. Problems page 88
Problem number : Problem 54
Date solved : Tuesday, January 28, 2025 at 06:07:26 AM
CAS classification : [_rational]

\begin{align*} x^{2}-y+\left (x^{2} y^{2}+x \right ) y^{\prime }&=0 \end{align*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.007 (sec). Leaf size: 342

dsolve((x^2-y(x))+(x^2*y(x)^2+x)*diff(y(x),x)=0,y(x), singsol=all)
 
\begin{align*} y &= -\frac {2^{{1}/{3}} \left (-\frac {2^{{1}/{3}} {\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{2}/{3}}}{2}+x \right )}{{\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{1}/{3}} x} \\ y &= -\frac {2^{{1}/{3}} \left (2^{{1}/{3}} \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) {\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{2}/{3}}+2 i \sqrt {3}\, x -2 x \right )}{4 {\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{1}/{3}} x} \\ y &= \frac {\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) 2^{{2}/{3}} {\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{2}/{3}}+2 \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) 2^{{1}/{3}} x}{4 {\left (\left (-3 c_{1} x -3 x^{2}+\sqrt {\frac {9 c_{1}^{2} x^{3}+18 c_{1} x^{4}+9 x^{5}+4}{x}}\right ) x^{2}\right )}^{{1}/{3}} x} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 60.079 (sec). Leaf size: 400

DSolve[(x^2-y[x])+(x^2*y[x]^2+x)*D[y[x],x]==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {-2 \sqrt [3]{2} x+\left (-6 x^4+6 c_1 x^3+2 \sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}\right ){}^{2/3}}{2 x \sqrt [3]{-3 x^4+3 c_1 x^3+\sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \left (-6 x^4+6 c_1 x^3+2 \sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}\right ){}^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (2+2 i \sqrt {3}\right ) x}{4 x \sqrt [3]{-3 x^4+3 c_1 x^3+\sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (-1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (-6 x^4+6 c_1 x^3+2 \sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}\right ){}^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (2-2 i \sqrt {3}\right ) x}{4 x \sqrt [3]{-3 x^4+3 c_1 x^3+\sqrt {x^3 \left (9 x^5-18 c_1 x^4+9 c_1{}^2 x^3+4\right )}}} \\ \end{align*}