81.3.24 problem 24

Internal problem ID [18642]
Book : A short course on differential equations. By Donald Francis Campbell. Maxmillan company. London. 1907
Section : Chapter III. Ordinary differential equations of the first order and first degree. Exercises at page 33
Problem number : 24
Date solved : Tuesday, January 28, 2025 at 12:07:05 PM
CAS classification : [[_homogeneous, `class A`], _rational, _dAlembert]

\begin{align*} \left (x^{2}+3 y x -y^{2}\right ) y^{\prime }-3 y^{2}&=0 \end{align*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.717 (sec). Leaf size: 98

dsolve((x^2+3*x*y(x)-y(x)^2)*diff(y(x),x)-(3*y(x)^2)=0,y(x), singsol=all)
 
\[ y \left (x \right ) = \frac {x \left (-\operatorname {RootOf}\left (8 \textit {\_Z}^{10}-12 \textit {\_Z}^{8}+6 \textit {\_Z}^{6}+\left (c_{1} x^{2}-1\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{4}-2 x^{2} c_{1} \textit {\_Z}^{2}+c_{1} x^{2}\right )^{2}+1\right )}{\operatorname {RootOf}\left (8 \textit {\_Z}^{10}-12 \textit {\_Z}^{8}+6 \textit {\_Z}^{6}+\left (c_{1} x^{2}-1\right ) \textit {\_Z}^{4}-2 x^{2} c_{1} \textit {\_Z}^{2}+c_{1} x^{2}\right )^{2}} \]

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 3.866 (sec). Leaf size: 396

DSolve[(x^2+3*x*y[x]-y[x]^2)*D[y[x],x]-(3*y[x]^2)==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^5+3 \text {$\#$1}^4 x+\text {$\#$1}^3 \left (3 x^2+e^{2 c_1}\right )+\text {$\#$1}^2 \left (x^3-3 e^{2 c_1} x\right )+3 \text {$\#$1} e^{2 c_1} x^2-e^{2 c_1} x^3\&,1\right ] \\ y(x)\to \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^5+3 \text {$\#$1}^4 x+\text {$\#$1}^3 \left (3 x^2+e^{2 c_1}\right )+\text {$\#$1}^2 \left (x^3-3 e^{2 c_1} x\right )+3 \text {$\#$1} e^{2 c_1} x^2-e^{2 c_1} x^3\&,2\right ] \\ y(x)\to \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^5+3 \text {$\#$1}^4 x+\text {$\#$1}^3 \left (3 x^2+e^{2 c_1}\right )+\text {$\#$1}^2 \left (x^3-3 e^{2 c_1} x\right )+3 \text {$\#$1} e^{2 c_1} x^2-e^{2 c_1} x^3\&,3\right ] \\ y(x)\to \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^5+3 \text {$\#$1}^4 x+\text {$\#$1}^3 \left (3 x^2+e^{2 c_1}\right )+\text {$\#$1}^2 \left (x^3-3 e^{2 c_1} x\right )+3 \text {$\#$1} e^{2 c_1} x^2-e^{2 c_1} x^3\&,4\right ] \\ y(x)\to \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^5+3 \text {$\#$1}^4 x+\text {$\#$1}^3 \left (3 x^2+e^{2 c_1}\right )+\text {$\#$1}^2 \left (x^3-3 e^{2 c_1} x\right )+3 \text {$\#$1} e^{2 c_1} x^2-e^{2 c_1} x^3\&,5\right ] \\ y(x)\to 0 \\ \end{align*}