32.4.26 problem Recognizable Exact Differential equations. Integrating factors. Exercise 10.18, page 90

Internal problem ID [5837]
Book : Ordinary Differential Equations, By Tenenbaum and Pollard. Dover, NY 1963
Section : Chapter 2. Special types of differential equations of the first kind. Lesson 10
Problem number : Recognizable Exact Differential equations. Integrating factors. Exercise 10.18, page 90
Date solved : Monday, January 27, 2025 at 01:20:17 PM
CAS classification : [_exact, _rational, [_1st_order, `_with_symmetry_[F(x)*G(y),0]`]]

\begin{align*} 2 y x +\left (a +x^{2}+y^{2}\right ) y^{\prime }&=0 \end{align*}

Solution by Maple

Time used: 0.003 (sec). Leaf size: 309

dsolve((2*x*y(x))+(x^2+y(x)^2+a)*diff(y(x),x)=0,y(x), singsol=all)
 
\begin{align*} y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {\left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}-4 x^{2}-4 a}{2 \left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y \left (x \right ) &= -\frac {\left (\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{4}+\frac {1}{4}\right ) \left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}+\left (x^{2}+a \right ) \left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right )}{\left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {\frac {\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}}{4}+\left (x^{2}+a \right ) \left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right )}{\left (-12 c_{1} +4 \sqrt {4 x^{6}+12 a \,x^{4}+12 a^{2} x^{2}+4 a^{3}+9 c_{1}^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ \end{align*}

Solution by Mathematica

Time used: 4.811 (sec). Leaf size: 299

DSolve[(2*x*y[x])+(x^2+y[x]^2+a)*D[y[x],x]==0,y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions -> True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} \left (\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1\right ){}^{2/3}-2 a-2 x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}-\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}-i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to 0 \\ \end{align*}