2.2.36 problem 35

Internal problem ID [8266]
Book : Own collection of miscellaneous problems
Section : section 2.0
Problem number : 35
Date solved : Sunday, November 10, 2024 at 09:05:03 PM
CAS classification : [[_2nd_order, _with_linear_symmetries]]

Solve

\begin{align*} y^{\prime \prime }-x^{2} y-x^{3}&=0 \end{align*}

Maple step by step solution

Maple trace

`Methods for second order ODEs: 
--- Trying classification methods --- 
trying a quadrature 
trying high order exact linear fully integrable 
trying differential order: 2; linear nonhomogeneous with symmetry [0,1] 
trying a double symmetry of the form [xi=0, eta=F(x)] 
-> Try solving first the homogeneous part of the ODE 
   checking if the LODE has constant coefficients 
   checking if the LODE is of Euler type 
   trying a symmetry of the form [xi=0, eta=F(x)] 
   checking if the LODE is missing y 
   -> Trying a Liouvillian solution using Kovacics algorithm 
   <- No Liouvillian solutions exists 
   -> Trying a solution in terms of special functions: 
      -> Bessel 
      <- Bessel successful 
   <- special function solution successful 
<- solving first the homogeneous part of the ODE successful`
 

Maple dsolve solution

Solving time : 0.016 (sec)
Leaf size : 32

dsolve(diff(diff(y(x),x),x)-x^2*y(x)-x^3 = 0, 
       y(x),singsol=all)
 

\[ y = \sqrt {x}\, \operatorname {BesselI}\left (\frac {1}{4}, \frac {x^{2}}{2}\right ) c_{2} +\sqrt {x}\, \operatorname {BesselK}\left (\frac {1}{4}, \frac {x^{2}}{2}\right ) c_{1} -x \]

Mathematica DSolve solution

Solving time : 5.149 (sec)
Leaf size : 213

DSolve[{D[y[x],{x,2}]-x^2*y[x]-x^3==0,{}}, 
       y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 

\[ y(x)\to \operatorname {ParabolicCylinderD}\left (-\frac {1}{2},\sqrt {2} x\right ) \left (\int _1^x\frac {K[1]^3 \operatorname {ParabolicCylinderD}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i \sqrt {2} K[1]\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (\operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},K[1]\right ) \left (i \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (\frac {1}{2},i K[1]\right )+2 \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i K[1]\right ) K[1]\right )-\operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i K[1]\right ) \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (\frac {1}{2},K[1]\right )\right )}dK[1]+c_1\right )+\operatorname {ParabolicCylinderD}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i \sqrt {2} x\right ) \left (\int _1^x\frac {K[2]^3 \operatorname {ParabolicCylinderD}\left (-\frac {1}{2},\sqrt {2} K[2]\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (\operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i K[2]\right ) \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (\frac {1}{2},K[2]\right )+\operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},K[2]\right ) \left (-i \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (\frac {1}{2},i K[2]\right )-2 \operatorname {HermiteH}\left (-\frac {1}{2},i K[2]\right ) K[2]\right )\right )}dK[2]+c_2\right ) \]